A/HRC/10/8/Add.4 page 21 as to become a facilitating rather than monitoring mechanism. In order to do so, it needs to be autonomous and independent in its character. It also needs to be more representative and should, to that effect, include representatives of religious minorities. 68. The Government should ensure that conscientious objectors in Turkmenistan, in particular Jehovah’s Witnesses who refuse to serve in the army due to their religious beliefs, be offered an alternative civilian service which is compatible with the reasons for conscientious objection. As such, the Government should also revise the Conscription and Military Service Act which refers to the possibility of being sanctioned twice for the same offence. The Special Rapporteur would like to recall that according to the principle of “ne bis in idem”, as enshrined in article 14 (7) of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, no one shall be liable to be tried or punished again for an offence for which he or she has already been convicted or acquitted in accordance with the law and penal procedure of each country. 69. The Special Rapporteur urges the Government to initiate reforms in the judiciary, so as to offer effective legal means of redress and compensation for denial of freedom of religion or belief. Moreover, she recommends that the Supreme Court of Justice of Turkmenistan be entitled to determine whether a law is in conformity or not with the Constitution. 70. Finally, the Special Rapporteur recommends that law enforcement officials and representatives of local authorities are provided with adequate training in order to raise awareness about international human rights standards, including on freedom of religion or belief. Law enforcement officials should cease all activities which result in undue limitations on the freedom to manifest one’s religion or belief, such as police raids to prevent religious gatherings or arrests of believers who undertake peaceful missionary activities. In case of abusive implementation of the law by officials, the Government should ensure that those responsible are not granted impunity. -----