A/HRC/33/57 76. The development-related activities of States or third parties, such as multinational corporations, may also compromise indigenous peoples’ underlying determinants of health, such as food, safe drinking water and sanitation. This can occur through the displacement of indigenous peoples from traditional lands or from land or water contamination, which in turn results in infringements of the right to health and other rights, including the right to life.53 Contamination can also occur through the use of pesticides that are banned in certain States but that are nevertheless exported and used elsewhere. 54 It is an ironic outcome of development and globalization that indigenous peoples are consistently among those most vulnerable to food insecurity, malnutrition and chronic diseases, given their wealth of traditional knowledge regarding sustainable, healthy living in rural ecosystems. This vulnerability is a living reality for many indigenous peoples; diabetes and cardiovascular diseases have been causally linked to the impact of colonization and dispossession of lands, territories and resources.55 77. Efforts should be made to promote cooperation between indigenous peoples and businesses and to minimize the negative impact of development, as examples from the Russian Federation illustrate.56 Identifying indigenous peoples’ rights to land, forests and marine and other natural resources is also vital to indigenous peoples’ livelihoods and wellbeing. The importance of maintaining a connection with the land is also recognized in regional legal instruments.57 Where indigenous peoples are empowered to care for and maintain their land, another virtuous cycle is created: natural resources are used more sustainably, employment prospects are created and the overall health of communities improves. Indigenous peoples should retain decision-making control over these resources to ensure sufficient food and nutritional security, especially where communities are dependent on marine and terrestrial resources for survival (E/2005/43-E/C.19/2005/9). 53 54 55 56 57 20 See e.g. Xákmok Kásek Indigenous Community v. Paraguay, Inter-American Court of Human Rights, 24 August 2010. Submission of the International Indian Treaty Council. Royal Commission on Aboriginal Peoples, Report of the Royal Commission on Aboriginal Peoples: Volume 3 — Gathering Strength (Ottawa, Canada Communication Group, 1996). United Nations Development Programme, Russian Union of Industrialists and Entrepreneurs and Global Compact Network Russia “United Nations Global Compact Network Russia: corporate social responsibility practices”. See the African Union Convention for the Protection and Assistance of Internally Displaced Persons in Africa, art. 4 (5).