E/CN.4/1995/91
page 144
IV.
CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
During the period under review, the Special Rapporteur continued to
receive communications - in increasing numbers and based in most cases on
specific evidence - alleging violations of rights and freedoms proclaimed in
the 1981 Declaration. Through dialogue initiated with Governments, the
Special Rapporteur requested clarification of and views and comments on
particular cases or incidents, requested documents and information, suggested
approaches, drew attention to situations and called for urgent initiatives or
measures, as the circumstances required.
In addition to the cooperation that was shown him in fulfilling his
mandate, the Special Rapporteur appreciated the interest and open-mindedness
with which many Governments considered the matters with which he was charged,
as well as their determination to resolve the problems raised.
The Special Rapporteur still believes that the attitudes of reluctance
which he sometimes noted, on rare and isolated occasions, have to be dealt
with patiently, through dialogue and with determination to see prevail both
the rights and freedoms proclaimed by the 1981 Declaration and all the
international instruments relating to human rights, and the justifiable
concerns of all the parties involved. Any prejudgment constitutes, in his
view, a wrong approach; any generalization is an error and any excessive
action will ultimately be meaningless. The situations involved are highly
complex and therefore cannot readily be reduced to types and classifications
and even less to slogans and clichés. The culture of human rights, and
particularly of tolerance, cannot be decreed. It is learned and absorbed
progressively through initiatives and measures over the long term, which,
although altering with time, should not be conjugated in a past tense.
The Special Rapporteur firmly believes that the achievement of religious
tolerance and non-discrimination must go together with the achievement of
human rights as a whole. Human rights cannot be promoted in the absence of
democracy and development. Consequently, action to promote human rights,
including the right to religious freedom, tolerance and non-discrimination,
must involve, at one and the same time, measures to establish, strengthen and
protect democracy as an expression of human rights at the political level, and
measures to contain and progressively eliminate extreme poverty and to promote
the right to development as an expression of human rights and human solidarity
in the economic, social and cultural areas. As has very frequently been
observed, the interdependence of all people is something quite obvious.
Selectivity, on the other hand, leads to inconsistency that compromises
credibility and therefore endangers the whole structure of human rights.
Human rights, and the right to freedom of religion in particular, because the
two subjects are extensively linked and interdependent, call for constant
attention, thorough investigation and action on the part of States, societies,
religious communities and individuals, in a continuous process of
interiorization of the values relating to human rights, democracy and
development. It is because human rights, in their various complementary
expressions, are at a level above contingencies and variables that they must
be sheltered from anything that can undermine their foundations or damage
their mechanisms and protection procedures.