A/78/162 initiatives off the ground, as the majority of Khwe San people in the Bwabwata Park area live in situations of abject poverty and marginalization (see A/HRC/24/41/Add.1). 78. The Government of Canada, through the Ministry of Tourism, held round tables with national, provincial and territorial Indigenous tourism organizations and several Indigenous tourism businesses to gather input for the creation of a Can$20 million Indigenous tourism fund, and a new federal tourism growth strategy is being developed with Indigenous tourism partners to support the needs of Indigenous tourism businesses. 126 79. The Government of Chile has promoted a course on authenticity and marketing of Indigenous tourism called “Market-ready Indigenous Tourism”, whose contents were designed with support from Indigenous organizations. It has also provided opportunities to raise awareness of Indigenous tourism in the tourism market, involving Indigenous representatives in the design and dissemination of promotional material. The Government of Chile has also promoted the Indigenous governance and co-management of the National System of State-Protected Wildlife Areas. 127 80. In Colombia, in February 2023, the Ministry of Commerce, Industry and Tourism launched a new tourism policy called “Tourism in harmony with life”, which is aimed at preserving biodiversity, tangible and intangible heritage and the generation of income for ethnic and local communities. In the case of ethnic communities, the policy promotes guidelines to preserve their territories, resources and knowledge. The policy also respects the land management plans of ethnic communities, such as the “plans of life”, “ethno-development plans” and the “long road plans”. 128 81. The Government of Australia offers grants for Indigenous tourism operators to develop and extend place-based, tailored services from industry experts, to support First Nations tourism businesses across the country. In addition, the Government co-invests with states and territories in large-scale First Nations tourism projects to stimulate and strengthen the economic participation of First Nations peoples in the visitor economy. 129 IX. Conclusions and recommendations 82. The tourism industry can represent an opportunity for Indigenous Peoples to strengthen their rights to autonomy, lands, territories and resources, selfdevelopment, social and economic empowerment, and protection of natural and cultural heritage, knowledge and skills. These benefits can be achieved only through the participation of Indigenous Peoples themselves in any project that affects them and by embracing a human rights-based approach to tourism. While the Special Rapporteur notes good practices promoted by States and the private sector to ensure that Indigenous Peoples can benefit from tourism projects, the existence of gross violations of human rights related to tourism shows that much work remains to be done to align due diligence and ethical standards of the tourism sector to existing human rights standards on Indigenous Peoples to ensure that the tourism sector respects human rights. 83. Negative impacts of tourism activities on Indigenous Peoples include the expropriation of their land and resources, militarization of their territory, __________________ 126 127 128 129 22/25 Submission by Canada. Submission by Chile. Joint submission by Indigenous Peoples Rights International and International Work Group for Indigenous Affairs. See https://www.niaa.gov.au/indigenous-affairs/economic-development/first-nations-tourism. 23-13642