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that it was in a particular language, especially the language of a national
minority.
124. In the report on his mission to the Islamic Republic of Iran
(E/CN.4/1996/39/Add.2), the Special Rapporteur noted that article 14 of the
Constitution stipulated that the Government of the Islamic Republic of Iran and
all Muslims were duty-bound to treat non-Muslims in conformity with ethical
norms and the principles of Islamic justice and equality, that in accordance
with article 23 of the Constitution, the investigation of individuals’ beliefs
was forbidden and that article 26 of the Constitution protected religious
societies. In his concluding observations, the Special Rapporteur noted that
the freedom to manifest one’s religion or religious or non-religious beliefs had
political connotations which linked it directly to the freedom of opinion and
expression. He was of the opinion that tolerance begot tolerance and that a
mutual respect for beliefs, opinions and values was a prerequisite for
harmonious relations between individuals, groups, peoples and States. He noted
that nurturing such respect required a spirit of open debates and a genuine
willingness on all sides to accept the validity of norms derived from cultures
other than one’s own.
125. The report of the Special Rapporteur on his mission to the Republic of
Korea is contained in document E/CN.4/1996/39/Add.1.
Special Rapporteur on extrajudicial, summary or arbitrary executions
126. The Special Rapporteur on extrajudicial, summary or arbitrary executions,
Mr. Bacre Waly Ndiaye, in his report (E/CN.4/1996/4) referred to a number of
cases that had come before him in 1995, in which it was alleged that the victims
subjected to death threats or extrajudicial, summary or arbitrary executions
belonged to national, ethnic, religious or linguistic minorities.
127. The Special Rapporteur had received allegations of extrajudicial, summary
or arbitrary executions from the following countries carried out against the
following members of minority groups: Bangladesh, against persons of Chakma
origin; Bulgaria and the Czech Republic, against persons belonging to the Roma
minority; Myanmar, against persons of Kayin (Karen) origin; Nigeria, against
persons belonging to the Ogoni; Pakistan, against the Mohajirs, an Urdu-speaking
ethnic minority; the Russian Federation, against the Chechens; Tajikistan,
against the Pamiri ethnic group; and Turkey, against persons of Kurdish ethnic
origin. The Special Rapporteur sent an urgent appeal concerning the civilian
Arab population in Cameroon, and transmitted cases to the Government of India
concerning the death in custody of persons of Naga ethnic origin. In his
observations on the situation in the Islamic Republic of Iran, the Special
Rapporteur continued to express dismay at attacks against religious minorities.
Further information is provided in his report on his mission to Burundi
(E/CN.4/1996/16 and Add.1).
Representative of the Secretary-General on internally displaced persons
128. The report of the Representative of the Secretary-General on internally
displaced persons, Mr. Francis Deng (E/CN.4/1996/52/Add.2), contained a very
comprehensive compilation and analysis of legal norms relevant to the status of
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