A/HRC/50/60 disaggregated, where relevant, by income, sex, age, race, ethnicity, migratory status, disability and geographic location, or other characteristics, in accordance with the Fundamental Principles of Official Statistics”.94 However, this instruction has been poorly heeded. One of the most prominent equality and non-discrimination gaps noted in the civil society submissions is the failure of States to collect disaggregated data on race, ethnicity, indigeneity and migration status in the context of the Sustainable Development Goals. 95 Another submission reported that the 2021 voluntary national reviews synthesis report on the Goals prepared by the Department of Economic and Social Affairs does not mention disaggregation by race and ethnicity, except for references by a few countries to indigenous peoples. 56. Although the Sustainable Development Goal targets direct stakeholders to account for discrimination and inequality, Goal indicators make little or no explicit reference to race, ethnicity or national origin. A few indicators specifically call for data to be disaggregated by indigenous status, 96 migrant status 97 or country of origin. 98 Indicators 16.7.1 and 16.7.2, which relate to “responsive, inclusive, participatory and representative decision-making”, call for data disaggregated by “sex, age, disability and population group(s)”. 57. Sustainable Development Goal 10 aims to reduce inequality within and among nations. A target for achieving this Goal is, by 2030, to empower and promote the social, economic and political inclusion of all, irrespective of age, sex, disability, race, ethnicity, origin, religion or economic or other status. The specific data indicator provided for evaluating this target is the proportion of people living below 50 per cent of median income, disaggregated by age, sex and persons with disabilities. Race and ethnicity are not mentioned in that indicator nor in any indicator tied to Goal 10, implying a lower priority or disregard for inequality on these bases, and rendering this inequality invisible. As noted in literature on this topic: “The reasons for this exclusion are likely to lie in the power of data: measurement of racial and ethnic inequalities may call attention to historic and ongoing injustices that those in power would prefer not to see highlighted in embarrassing data at the international level”.99 58. Within the Sustainable Development Goals framework, explicit references to population groups or identities largely refer to age, in Goal 3, and to gender, in Goal 5. Goal 5, in particular, rightfully elevates gender equality as an institutionalized priority across the United Nations system and in States. For instance, the latest UNDP Gender Equality Strategy for 2018–2021, which is in its third phase,100 is an action plan that applies throughout UNDP and to all of its operations. It has an accountability framework that is tied to the performance evaluation of personnel. The World Bank has also put gender at the centre stage by instituting its Gender Strategy 2016–2023, which captures the institutional knowledge and lessons learned from a previous strategy established in 2001. 101 The World Bank reported on a number of reforms although they did not include the creation of an analogous racial equality strategy. 59. Racial equality and non-discrimination are deprioritized in the implementation framework for the Sustainable Development Goals. Accordingly, it is no surprise that adequate resources have not been directed to combatting racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related intolerance. Surveys of voluntary national reviews on progress on the 2030 Agenda by the Committee on Development Policy have shown that State reporting on the “leave no one behind” principle is generally shallow and pro forma, and when inequality is acknowledged, States focus on age, gender and sometimes migration status in their 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 14 General Assembly resolution 71/313, annex, and A/76/162. Submissions by Maat Foundation for Peace, Development and Human Rights and the Society for the Psychological Study of Social Issues and the statement by the expert, Audrey Kitagawa (15 March 2022). General Assembly resolution 71/313, indicators 2.3.2 and 4.5.1. Ibid., indicators 8.8.1 and 8.8.2. E/CN.3/2020/2, indicator 10.7.4. Winkler and Satterthwaite, “Leaving no one behind?”, p. 1080. UNDP, Gender Equality Strategy 2018–2021 (2018). World Bank Group, Gender Strategy 2016–2023 (2015).