E/2005/43 E/C.19/2005/9 the Forum wishes to draw particular attention to pertinent recommendations made at its first three sessions.1 10. The Forum makes the additional recommendations set out below. Framework and capacity-building 11. In implementing the Millennium Development Goals, States should ensure the absolute prohibition of racial discrimination and, where appropriate, should promote multicultural policies, affirmative action and special measures necessary for poverty reduction among indigenous communities. 12. States, the United Nations system and other intergovernmental organizations should support the efforts of indigenous peoples to build, articulate and implement their visions of and strategies for development. They should provide adequate funding, technical and institutional support and training to enable indigenous peoples to achieve the Millennium Development Goals and for indigenous peoples to participate effectively in the planning, design, implementation, monitoring and evaluation of policies, programmes and projects. 13. States, international organizations, non-governmental organizations, the private sector, academia and the media should promote national dialogues and collaboration, including through the establishment of policy and institutional frameworks, as appropriate, in order to bring together indigenous peoples’ perspectives technical knowledge and priorities for sustainable human development and their expectations regarding the Millennium Development Goals. Indigenous peoples’ institutions and processes, where they exist, should be respected during these dialogues. 14. The human rights-based approach to development should be operationalized by States, the United Nations system and other intergovernmental organizations, including the international financial institutions, and should be the framework underpinning Millennium Development Goals and poverty reduction strategies, programmes and activities. The recognition of indigenous peoples as distinct peoples and the respect for their individual and collective human rights, rights to lands and territories and sustainable use of natural resources are crucial for achieving a just and sustainable solution to the widespread poverty in their midst. Relevant international treaties, such as International Labour Organization (ILO) Convention No. 169, common article 1 of the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights, and the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, which declares that “no people shall be deprived of its own means of subsistence”, as well as bilateral State-indigenous treaties or accords, should be implemented to ensure compliance and implementation. 15. Member States, the United Nations system, bodies and funds should consider the definitions of extreme poverty by indigenous peoples and in this regard should refer to the report of the independent expert on human rights and extreme poverty (E/CN.4/2005/49). Poverty indicators based on indigenous peoples’ own perception __________________ 1 4 Official Records of the Economic and Social Council, 2002, Supplement No. 23 (E/2002/43/Rev.1), para. 25 (f); ibid., 2003, Supplement No. 23 (E/2003/43), paras. 8 and 9, 15, 38 and 41-44; ibid., 2004, Supplement No. 23 (E/2004/43), paras. 9, 14, 57 and 58, 61, 64, 67, 69 and 70, and 72.