E/CN.4/2002/24 page 45 removing potential obstacles. The proposed instrument provides that the same racist and xenophobic conduct would be punishable in all member States, which would define a common European Union criminal law approach to this phenomenon. This decision should also permit the intensification of means of combating racist crimes perpetrated by members of extreme-right organizations, neo-Nazis, skinheads, etc. The Commission has noted that between 1999 and 2001 these crimes increased in the European Union. V. CONCLUSION 117. The persistence of racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related intolerance in both subtle and violent manifestations shows that questions of equality, social justice and respect for the diversity of the human race are crucial to solving the problems with which mankind is confronted in the twenty-first century. The Special Rapporteur welcomes the holding of the World Conference against Racism. In the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action the international community has a platform for attacking the sources of these phenomena. Among the measures proposed, the Special Rapporteur attaches fundamental importance to education as a means of converting racist, xenophobic and intolerant mentalities into a psychological outlook imbued with the humanistic values of respect for others, brotherhood and solidarity. He also attaches importance to the adoption of legislative measures to punish acts of racial discrimination and prohibit racist organizations and their activities. Lastly, he is convinced that, without economic and social measures in support of peoples marginalized by racial discrimination, action against these evils will be limited in scope. A combination of educational, legislative and socio-economic measures must therefore be adopted. VI. RECOMMENDATIONS 118. The Special Rapporteur urges those States which have not yet done so to ratify the International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination, and requests all States to enact anti-discrimination legislation at the domestic level and to publicize it in all modern media and in languages accessible to the greatest possible number of people. 119. The Special Rapporteur would also like to call on all Governments to show restraint in solving problems relating to terrorism, so as to ensure respect for human rights and fundamental freedoms when adopting security measures. Furthermore, it is essential that Governments should prevent and combat irrational reactions against individuals or groups suspected of having links with terrorist activities. 120. Lastly, the Special Rapporteur reiterates his desire that the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights should erect a monument to the memory of all victims of racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related intolerance. 121. At the conclusion of his mandate on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related intolerance, the Special Rapporteur would like to express his gratitude to all States, non-governmental organizations, institutions and private individuals that have extended their cooperation to him in the performance of his mission.