CRC/C/ARM/CO/3-4 (a) Establish a holistic juvenile justice system, including juvenile courts, on the basis of a comprehensive legal framework, as well as diversion measures to prevent children in conflict with the law from entering the formal justice system and to develop more alternatives to trial, sentencing and execution of punishment such as community service and mediation between the victim and offender in order to avoid stigmatization and provide for their effective reintegration; (b) Ensure that the pretrial detention of children is used as a last resort and for the shortest time possible; (c) Take immediate measures to ban solitary confinement of children, which amounts to inhuman treatment; (d) Take immediate measures that children in Abovyan and other prisons are provided with all basic supplies, hygienic items and clean beddings and that children in prisons are provided with proper education; (e) Establish effective rehabilitation and reintegration specifically targeting children who leave penitentiary institutions. programmes In doing so, make use, if relevant, of the technical assistance tools developed by the United Nations Interagency Panel on Juvenile Justice and its members, including the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC), UNICEF, OHCHR and nongovernmental organizations (NGOs), and seek technical assistance in the area of juvenile justice from members of the Panel. Child victims and witnesses of crimes 53. While noting that the State party has some measures to protect child victims and witnesses, such as the presence of a legal representative and psychologists during interrogations, the Committee regrets that the efforts are insufficient and are not properly reflected in its legislation. 54. The Committee recommends that the State party ensure, through adequate legal provisions and regulations, that all children victims and/or witnesses of crimes are provided with the protection required by the Convention and that the State party take fully into account the United Nations Guidelines on Justice in Matters Involving Child Victims and Witnesses of Crime (annexed to Economic and Social Council resolution 2005/20). H. Ratification of international human rights instruments 55. The Committee recommends that the State party, in order to further strengthen the fulfilment of children’s rights, ratify the Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Rights of the Child on a communications procedure and the International Convention on the Protection of the Rights of All Migrant Workers and Members of their Families. I. Cooperation with regional and international bodies 56. The Committee recommends that the State party cooperate with the Council of Europe (COE) towards the implementation of the Convention and other human rights instruments, both in the State party and in other COE member States. 13