Because, while the level of competence in Catalan has reached very high values, our concern today is about the divergence between the value of competence and the social use of the language. From our point of view, even having enough funds and implementing excellent educational programs in minority language education, the main point should be to respect human rights regarding the use of minority languages, including in life outside school. We would like to mention two aspects which are now central to the health of Catalan and which, in our opinion, have influence on the prospects for increasing social use. Both aspects pose problems to the extent that they come into conflict with the dominant state. The first concerns the fact that there is no pact of non-aggression by the dominant state against the minority in terms of education. This leads to very unstable school constructs, in which the efforts of the agents are exposed to constant attacks and the system is often facing court disputes and wasting resources. There is no stable working framework, because the legislation is constantly being questioned and changed. The educational model is often a topic in election campaigns - but not in a constructive way, and fake news are spread. This prevents somewhat hesitant non-Catalan-speaking families from developing confidence in the school system and doesn’t contribute to expand the social use of Catalan in normal life outside the educational context. The second aspect concerns the fact that the best education in the minority language is useless if the language cannot be used in every area of life. As a rule, there are asymmetric power relationships between the speakers and in which the dominant state is also involved as one of the agents. An important example of this is the judiciary. It constitutes a clear violation of human rights if the defendant is denied the use of their own language, as it was the case in the trial against the 9 Catalan social and political leaders this year. And now I come to the end and want to ask: How can the Catalan educational system seriously ensure that Catalan speakers are not only able to speak Catalan but that they

Select target paragraph3