E/2025/43 E/C.19/2025/8 32. The Permanent Forum commends Ecuador for its openness in engaging with the Forum. The Forum encourages Ecuador to implement the rulings of the Inter-American Court of Human Rights of 2012 regarding the Kichwa people of Sarayaku and of 2025 regarding the Tagaeri and Taromenane peoples living in voluntary isolation. The Forum is concerned by the need to urgently clear territories affected by explosive ordnance. The Forum is also concerned by reports of criminalization of Indigenous leaders in Ecuador. The Forum invites Ecuador to report on the progress made in relation to the implementation of these rulings and other positive developments at its twenty-fifth session. The Forum also urges Ecuador to adopt the draft national law on free, prior and informed consent, currently under debate in the National Assembly, and developed with the effective participation of Indigenous Peoples. 33. Nicaragua must respect the rights of Indigenous Peoples in the Moskitia region (La Mosquitia) and cease militarization and criminalization with respect to their lands and territories. In line with the International Convention for the Protection of All Persons from Enforced Disappearance, Nicaragua should immediately release arbitrarily detained Indigenous leaders and defenders and take measures to clarify the fate and whereabouts of those subjected to enforced disappearance. 34. Iraq should secure self-identified Indigenous Peoples’ rights to their lands, territories, cultures and self-governance, guaranteeing free, prior and informed consent and respecting their right to self-identification. 35. The Permanent Forum commends Peru for its contributions to the international recognition of Indigenous Peoples’ rights, including in the development and adoption of the United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples. However, the Forum is concerned about recent legislation in Peru, namely Law No. 32301 amending the law on the Peruvian Agency for International Cooperation. The Forum has been informed by Indigenous Peoples that this new amendment risks criminalizing Indigenous human rights defenders for their advocacy and risks granting immunity for serious human rights violations. The Forum recommends that Peru review its legislation and ensure that implementation thereof aligns with its human rights obligations, including freedom of expression and association, which are particularly vital for Indigenous Peoples to enjoy their rights under the Declaration. The Forum encourages Peru to protect Indigenous human rights defenders and to engage in meaningful, transparent consultations with representatives of Indigenous Peoples and their institutions when enacting any legislation affecting their rights and adopting regulations to implement those laws. Peru should implement laws to avoid legislation being used to foster impunity for crimes against humanity committed against Indigenous human rights defenders. 36. The Permanent Forum noted the draft federal law on the languages of the peoples of the Russian Federation and calls upon the Russian Federation to take Indigenous Peoples’ language rights into consideration. Dialogue with the United Nations agencies, funds and programmes (item 5 (c)) 37. The Permanent Forum heard from United Nations entities about their activities to implement the system-wide action plan for ensuring a coherent approach to achieving the ends of the United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples and progress on implementing the Forum’s recommendations. United Nations entities also shared concerns about the impact of significant budget cuts and pushback on upholding the rights of Indigenous Peoples and the invisibility of Indigenous Peoples in data. 25-07572 9/23