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of Discrimination against Women adopted on 26 January 20075 and with the concluding
observations of the Committee on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights adopted
on 23 November 2006.6 The Government should be encouraged to review legal and
administrative regulations in order to prevent religious unions from taking place without
verification that a civil marriage has been registered first. The Government should also
strengthen its efforts to eliminate the causes that lead to polygamous unions and develop
strategies targeted at parents and religious leaders to prevent such unions. One of the
possible measures to initiate change in the widely accepted subordination of women and
stereotypical roles applied to both sexes could be awareness-raising and educational
campaigns that address, inter alia, religious and community leaders. Most importantly,
women themselves have to be empowered. With regard to the headscarf issue, the
Special Rapporteur would like to refer to the section on religious symbols in her 2006
report to the Commission on Human Rights in which she emphasized that the fundamental
objective should be to safeguard both the positive freedom of religion or belief as
manifested in observance and practice by voluntarily wearing or displaying religious
symbols and the negative freedom from being forced to wear or display religious symbols
(E/CN.4/2006/5, para. 60).
55. The Special Rapporteur would like to stress that, when taking administrative
decisions, the authorities need to take into account the specific character of places of
worship and their particular significance for believers. This is particularly relevant in the
case of the country’s sole synagogue, which has been in use for decades and is currently
earmarked for demolition, to make way for the construction of a palace of nations and a
national park. Furthermore, mosques, churches and other places of worship need to be
fully respected and protected by the authorities. The Special Rapporteur would like to
remind the Government of article 6 (a) of the Declaration on the Elimination of All Forms
of Intolerance and Discrimination Based on Religion or Belief which states that the right to
freedom of thought, conscience, religion or belief includes the freedom “to worship or
assemble in connection with a religion or belief, and to establish and maintain places for
these purposes”. Furthermore, in its resolution 2005/40, the Commission on Human Rights
urged States to exert the utmost efforts, in accordance with their national legislation and in
conformity with international human rights law, to ensure that religious places, sites,
shrines and religious expressions are fully respected and protected and to take additional
measures in cases where they are vulnerable to desecration or destruction. Finally, in its
resolution 55/254 on protection of religious sites, the General Assembly encouraged all
States to promote a culture of tolerance and respect for the diversity of religions and for
religious sites, which represent an important aspect of the collective heritage of
humankind.
5
Official Records of the General Assembly, Sixty-second Session, Supplement No. 38 (A/62/38),
paras. 37, 52 and 53.
6
Official Records of the Economic and Social Council, 2007, Supplement No. 2
(E/2007/22), para. 458.