A/HRC/62/35 II. Activities of the Special Rapporteur 5. Between October 2025 and May 2026, the Special Rapporteur requested visits to Azerbaijan, Ireland, Malaysia, Mauritius, Thailand and the United States of America and to the European Union. He also reiterated his interest in visiting Canada, New Zealand, Portugal, South Africa and Spain. The Special Rapporteur conducted an official visit to Brazil from 16 to 27 March 2026;9 his report will be presented in June 2027. 6. Since the presentation of his report to the General Assembly in October 2025, 10 the Special Rapporteur has continued to address externalization through communications to Governments and regional organizations 11 as well as through his participation in public conferences. In March 2026, he took part in the regional hearing of the Inter-American Commission on Human Rights on the situation of persons deported, expelled or transferred in the context of human mobility in the region.12 He addressed the Council of Europe Steering Committee for Human Rights on the Safe Third Country Concept and participated in the annual meeting of the Global Alliance of National Human Rights Institutions. In addition, as a member of the Platform of Independent Experts on Refugee Rights, in November 2025 he participated in the fourteenth World Conference of the International Association of Refugee and Migration Judges, in Nairobi. 7. The Special Rapporteur participated in the second International Migration Review Forum, which took place from 5 to 8 May 2026 in New York. III. Recent trends of externalization 8. Since the finalization of his report to the General Assembly on the externalization of migration governance and its effect on the human rights of migrants,13 new externalization agreements and arrangements have emerged and the implementation of recently concluded agreements has provided further detail. The Special Rapporteur groups the externalization measures into three categories: (a) prevention of arrival; (b) extraterritorial processing of asylum claims; and (c) removal to third countries.14 A. Prevention of arrival 9. This form of externalization seeks to prevent migrants from reaching the territory of the externalizing State.15 Within such frameworks, third States intercept, divert or otherwise impede onward movement, including by preventing departure, restricting transit, or returning migrants to their countries of transit or origin. Such measures raise serious risks of refoulement, including chain refoulement, and of collective expulsion and the absence of individualized assessment, and may engage the international human rights obligations of externalizing States, including through complicity or where they exercise jurisdiction or effective control extraterritorially. To support these measures, externalizing States provide financial assistance, training, equipment and broader capacity-building to migration and border authorities in third States.16 Increasingly, this includes the deployment of surveillance technologies, such as biometric systems, drones and border-monitoring tools, facilitating the 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 GE.26-06322 See https://www.ohchr.org/en/press-releases/2026/03/brazil-un-expert-welcomes-strong-migrationlegal-framework-calls-more. A/80/302. See https://spcommreports.ohchr.org/Tmsearch/TMDocuments. See https://www.ohchr.org/sites/default/files/documents/issues/migration/unsr-migrants-iachrregional-hearing-11-03-26.pdf. A/80/302. Ibid., para. 6. Ibid., para. 7. See also the submission from Ombudsman’s Office of Colombia. The United States of America has provided large amounts of funding to Mexico to improve Mexican border control with Guatemala and Belize; see https://www.congress.gov/crs_external_products/IF/PDF/IF10215/IF10215.30.pdf. 3