A/HRC/22/51 70. Indication of one’s religious affiliation in official documents should be optional and not be used as the basis for discriminatory treatment. When issuing official documents, States should always ensure that no one is publicly exposed with regard to their religion or belief against their will. 71. States should develop outreach programmes facilitating regular encounters between State representatives in different areas (administration, police forces, health system, etc.) and representatives of religious or belief minorities in order to proactively avoid misunderstandings and concomitant conflicts. Building trust in a long-term perspective helps to de-escalate fears and resentments in crisis situations. 72. States should organize training for civil servants, police forces and other representatives of public authority to raise awareness about the rights and specific needs of persons belonging to religious or belief minorities, including unregistered religious communities. 73. States should develop policies of providing effective protection of persons belonging to religious or belief minorities against threats or acts of violence from nonState actors. This should also cover acts of vandalism or desecration of religious sites and cemeteries. To counter possible perceptions of impunity, States should send a clear and credible message that such acts cannot be tolerated. 74. States should consider listing important religious sites or places of worship of minorities as official national or international cultural heritage and promote the preservation of such sites in consultation with the representatives of the relevant communities. 75. States should ensure that the members of religious or belief minorities who seek asylum get a fair hearing of their claims, in conformity with international standards. Moreover, States must send no one to any country or places where one’s life or freedom would be threatened on account of one’s religion or belief. 4. Education, public media, inter-religious communication and awareness-raising 76. States should organize training for teachers to sensitize them with regard to the particular needs and challenges of children belonging to religious minorities in schools. This should include training programmes aimed at discovering mobbing by peers and providing support measures in such situations. 77. States may consider employing professional communicators from members of religious or belief minorities with the purpose of building confidence between the school administration and parents who belong to minorities. 78. States should ensure that children attending school are not exposed to religious instruction against their will or against the will of their parents or legal guardians. Religious instruction as part of the general school curriculum must always include the option of exemptions. Appropriate monitoring should ensure that this option can actually be used. 79. States have a responsibility to ensure that no child is at risk of being pressured to attend religious ceremonies or rituals in public schools against their will or against the will of their parents or legal guardians. In this regard, particular attention should be given to the situation of children from religious or belief minorities. 80. Education in public and private schools should cater for the specific needs of members of religious minorities. Teaching materials on religious and belief diversity should present a fair picture of different religions and beliefs, in particular minorities, 20