E/CN.4/1996/72/Add.4 page 8 have died while struggling to resist removal. Joseph Nnalue allegedly died in October after falling from the third floor of the building where he lived when immigration officials raided his apartment for the purpose of expelling him and his family. 30. The urban riots which raged in major cities during the 1980s and in Bradford in June 1995 were signs of ethnic communities' frustration at the violence perpetrated against their members by the police. 31. Offensive remarks and insults are the most common forms of racist attack, followed by assault, property damage, graffiti, the placing in letter boxes of offensive letters, tracts or packages containing filth, etc. Murder is rare according to statistics compiled by the Runnymede Trust, 12 were committed between 1992 and 1993. 5/ The most publicized murder was that of young Stephen Lawrence, who was stabbed by four young Whites in Eltham, in south-east London, in April 1993. When the Crown Prosecution Service refused to prosecute those responsible for the murder, Stephen Lawrence's family, with public support, initiated what has been termed the “first private prosecution for murder”. Moreover, many of those interviewed expressed the opinion that the courts were often lax in prosecuting those who committed crimes likely to have been racially motivated. 32. Afro-Caribbeans, Bangladeshis and Pakistanis are the principal victims of such acts, followed by Indians, Chinese and other Asians. Although incidents of that type do take place in the street, they most commonly occur in low-income urban housing, where there is a high concentration of ethnic minorities. 6/ 33. Pre-trial detention of Blacks may also lead to death or ill-treatment, as in case of Shiji Lapite, who died at Newington police station in December 1994, and Brian Douglas, who died last August at Vauxhall police station as a result of skull fractures caused by blows with a truncheon. Acts committed by the police usually go unpunished, as in the above-mentioned case of Joy Gardner, where the three police officers implicated in the incident were released. D. Education and employment 34. The goal of the Government and of local communities is to provide everyone, without any distinction, with a basic education in order to facilitate integration into British society and access to the labour market. As much as possible, school and university curricula take the country's ethnic diversity into account since each institution is responsible for determining, on the basis of guidelines issued by the Department of Education, the emphasis to be placed on knowledge of other cultures and religions and the history of the various ethnic groups. 35. In that regard, the Government takes into account Lord Swann's findings and conclusions in Education for All (the Swann Report), published in 1985, which stresses the need to ensure equal opportunity in the field of education, to eliminate racist discourse from teaching materials and to promote non-discriminatory attitudes.

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