E/CN.4/2006/16 page 5 5. The Special Rapporteur notes the lessening of the political will of a number of governments to combat racism and discrimination, as illustrated by the treatment, in contravention of international norms, of aliens, asylum-seekers, refugees and immigrants by security, police and administrative officials, in particular at entry points and in reception and waiting areas (airports, ports and stations). In such areas there is a lack of access to recourse and of defence of particularly vulnerable groups, the use by law enforcement officials of physical or verbal violence of a racist nature, cramped conditions and lack of privacy, and a lack of even minimum conditions of hygiene. This point is developed further in this report. 6. The Special Rapporteur notes with concern the increase in violence and overtly racist manifestations in sport, in particular football, a point dealt with in further detail in this report. 7. Concerning those communications sent to governments in 2004 (see E/CN.4/2005/18/Add.1) to which there has been no response, the Special Rapporteur would have wished to have dealt with the lack of response in this report. Owing to space constraints, he will consider the matter in his report on communications (E/CN.4/2006/16/Add.1). I. ACTIVITIES OF THE SPECIAL RAPPORTEUR A. Visits by the Special Rapporteur 8. The Special Rapporteur visited Japan from 3 to 12 July 2005 in connection with the situation with regard to racism, racial discrimination and xenophobia in that country. The Special Rapporteur’s observations and recommendations are contained in his mission report (E/CN.4/2006/16/Add.2). 9. The Special Rapporteur also visited Brazil from 17 to 26 October 2005, the principal objective being to evaluate the progress made in implementing the recommendations of his predecessor, who visited the country in 1995, as well as the current situation of racism, racial discrimination and xenophobia in that country. The Special Rapporteur’s observations and recommendations are contained in his mission report (E/CN.4/2006/16/Add.3). 10. With regard to his requests to conduct visits, the Special Rapporteur wishes to inform the Commission that there has been no response from the following countries: India, Pakistan and Nepal. He offers his thanks to the following countries which have already agreed to his request for a visit, scheduled in 2006: Switzerland, the Russian Federation and Italy. B. Mission follow-up 11. In his previous report the Special Rapporteur emphasized the need, for special procedures to have credibility, to pursue dialogue with the governments concerned and to take account of the expectations of the populations and communities met, and not to consider visits as isolated events, and thus to give the greatest importance to follow-up to his reports and recommendations. In this spirit he invited the governments of the countries visited to consider the appropriateness and possibility of a follow-up visit on ways and means and the results of the implementation of his recommendations. To date, he has visited the following countries: Brazil, Canada, Colombia, Côte d’Ivoire, Guatemala, Guyana, Honduras, Japan, Nicaragua and Trinidad and Tobago. In addition to his mission visits, the Special Rapporteur is of the view that