A/RES/53/128 Page 9 12. Urges all Governments and parties in complex humanitarian emergencies, in particular armed conflicts and post-conflict situations, to ensure the safe and unhindered access of humanitarian personnel in conformity with the relevant provisions of international law and national laws, so as to allow them to perform efficiently their task of assisting children; 13. Urges States to ensure that effective measures are taken for the rehabilitation, physical and psychological recovery and reintegration into society of children affected by armed conflict, child soldiers, victims of landmines and other weapons and victims of gender-based violence, inter alia, through adequate education and training, and invites the international community to assist in this endeavour; 14. Stresses the importance of promoting and supporting local capacities to address at the local level, including through advocacy, the issue of children and armed conflict; 15. Underlines the importancethat relevant measures to ensure respect for the rights of the child in the areas of health and nutrition, formal, informal or non-formal education, physical and psychological recovery and social reintegration be included in emergency and other humanitarian assistance policies and programmes; 16. Stresses the urgent need to raise the current human rights standards set by article 38 of the Convention on the Rights of the Child,4 supports the work of the open-ended inter-sessional working group of the Commission on Human Rights on a draft optional protocol to the Convention on the Rights of the Child related to the involvement of children in armed conflict and the task given to the chairperson of the working group by the Commission in its resolution 1998/761 to undertake broad informal consultations with a view to presenting a progress report to the working group at its next meeting, and expresses the hope that it will make further progress prior to the fifty-fifth session of the Commission with a view to finalizing this work; 17. Welcomes the ongoing efforts to bring to an end the use of children as soldiers, and, in this context, recognizes the contribution of the United Nations Diplomatic Conference of Plenipotentiaries on the Establishment of an International Criminal Court and recalls the qualification as a war crime in the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court of the conscription, enlistment or use to participate actively in hostilities of child soldiers,17 which will contribute towards making it possible to end impunity for the perpetrators of such crimes; 18. Notes with concern the impact of small arms and light weapons on children in situations of armed conflict, in particular as a result of their illicit production and traffic, and calls upon States to address this problem; 19. Welcomes increased international efforts in various forums with respect to anti-personnel mines, recognizes the positive effect on children of those efforts, and, in this regard, takes due note of the entry into force on 1 March 1999 of the Convention on the Prohibition of the Use, Stockpiling, Production and Transfer of Anti-personnel Mines and on Their Destruction18 and its implementation by those States that become parties to it, as well as of the entry into force on 3 December 1998 of the amended Protocol on Prohibitions or Restrictions on the Use of Mines, Booby-traps and Other Devices (Protocol II)19 to the Convention on Prohibitions or Restrictions on the Use of Certain Conventional Weapons Which May Be Deemed to Be 17 See A/CONF.183/9, art. 8. 18 See CD/1478. 19 See CCW/CONF.I/16 (Part I). /...