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77.
The Committee is concerned by the housing situation in the Republic of
Korea and considers that it has not been given adequate information on the
subject, especially with regard to unsuitable housing, the number of homeless
people and forcible evictions. It notes that, according to international
non-governmental sources, 720,000 persons were evicted on the occasion of the
Olympic Games in Seoul and that no information has been provided on their
subsequent situation, while 16,000 persons are said to have been evicted since
February 1992. Lastly, according to national non-governmental sources,
4,000 evictions took place in 1994. Despite the Committee’s concerns, there
has been no response to its questions or, more generally, to problems relating
to the right to housing.
78.
The Committee is of the view that the Government, in view of its economic
resources, has inadequately addressed the economic, social and cultural rights
of the most marginalized members of society. Among categories of person who
are in need of greater attention and concern are the very poor, the homeless
and especially victims of severe physical and mental handicap.
E.
Suggestions and recommendations
79.
The Committee draws attention to the obligation on the Republic of Korea
to ensure the status of the Covenant in the field of economic, social and
cultural rights as superior to all national law, whether precedent or
subsequent. It recommends that all laws be examined in order to ensure
conformity with the provisions of the Covenant. It also recommends that
programmes of education be extended in order to increase awareness of the
provisions of the Covenant throughout society and to ensure its application
in the judicial process, as well as its observance by law enforcement
agencies.
80.
The Committee recommends that the Government immediately amend its laws
and regulations concerning the freedom to form trade unions and the right to
strike in order to bring them into compliance with the Covenant and with other
applicable international standards. In particular, measures should be taken
to ensure that teachers, civil servants and others have the right to form
trade unions and to take strike action.
81.
The Committee, though acknowledging the value of existing governmental
programmes, urges that priority be given to the promotion of the role of women
in society.
It is strongly recommended that, in order to deal with
discrimination against women, it is necessary to allocate resources to carry
out a range of initiatives in the fields, inter alia, of juvenile and adult
education, enhanced job opportunities, law reform and the administration of
justice. It is also recommended that programmes should be introduced with a
view to redressing the imbalances in the status of women in the Korean
society.
82.
The Committee recommends that the Republic of Korea extend the
regulations on safety in the workplace and on minimum wages to enterprises
with fewer than 10 employees. All improvements in conditions of work should
be applied equally to national and non-national workers, and existing
discriminatory practices against those non-nationals currently employed should
be eradicated.