E/CN.4/2002/94 page 15 Unaccompanied children 53. The Special Rapporteur has received reports of various cases in which the victims were unaccompanied minors. She is concerned at the growing numbers of minors reported to be using the international migrant smuggling networks and going underground in their countries of destination. She is particularly uneasy over reported cases of minors being expelled between Spain and Morocco without any legal representation. She has also received reports of children dying on the high seas, in particular one incident in which 356 people, many children among them, were reported to have perished off the Indonesian coast. Lastly, she sent an urgent appeal in connection with the alleged detention in the United States of America of an unaccompanied Nigerian girl. The cases referred to above, and the replies the Special Rapporteur received from the Governments concerned, are described in detail in the separate section on communications sent. V. ACTIVITIES PURSUED AND COMMUNICATIONS SENT BY THE SPECIAL RAPPORTEUR A. Urgent appeals 54. During the period under review, the Special Rapporteur sent the following urgent appeals to the Governments of the countries referred to below. The cases in which the Governments responded to the urgent appeals are also discussed. Saudi Arabia 55. On 27 February 2001, the Special Rapporteur sent a joint urgent appeal together with the Special Rapporteur on extrajudicial, summary or arbitrary executions, Asma Jahangir, concerning the case of Siti Zaenab binti Duhri Rupa, an Indonesian migrant, who had reportedly been sentenced to death for the murder of her employer. It was reported that Siti Zaenab binti Duhri Rupa had been tried without any legal assistance and that neither her embassy nor the family’s lawyer had been able to visit her at the detention centre. 56. By a letter dated 20 November 2001 the Government of Saudi Arabia informed the Special Rapporteur that, on 11 September 2000, Siti Zaenab binti Duhri Rupa had been sentenced to death, after confessing during the trial to having committed the offence of which she was accused. The Government explained that the sentence had not yet been carried out pending attainment of the age of majority by the child of the murdered woman, in case he decided to opt to receive financial compensation, to pardon the offender or to demand enforcement of the sentence, in accordance with Saudi law. Bahrain 57. On 21 December 2000, the Special Rapporteur sent a joint urgent appeal together with the Special Rapporteur on extrajudicial, summary or arbitrary executions and the Special Rapporteur on violence against women, its causes and consequences, Ms. Radhika Coomaraswamy, in connection with the case of Ms. Yeshiworq Desta Zewdie,