E/CN.4/1999/15/Add.1 page 9 may appease the frustrations caused by the amnesties granted to the perpetrators. 28. The Commission has tried to make clear that the reconciliation is a collective undertaking which must Africans regardless of any distinction, thus enabling slowly towards a common destiny enabling it to escape past. 2. fostering of unity and be tackled by all South South Africa to proceed from the demons of the Reconstruction and Development Programme 29. The reconstruction and development programme is the instrument for the transformation of South African society. A governmental programme devised by the ANC and its partners, its objective is to reform economic and social conditions for the majority of South Africans left wanting by the apartheid regime. It will attempt to eliminate from all sectors of the economy and society (employment, industry, agriculture, culture, health, security) the divisions and disparities bequeathed by apartheid. 30. The Programme is structured around five main sub-programmes : meeting basic needs; human resources development, construction of the economy, democratisation of the State and society, and implementation of the actual reconstruction programme. 31. The interest of the Programme for this study is that it focuses on the implementation of economic, social and cultural rights as well as on civil and political rights. In that regard, the government considers that its first priority is “to begin to meet the basic needs of people, i.e. to provide them with jobs, land, housing, water, electricity, telecommunications, transport, a clean and healthy environment, nutrition, health care and social welfare. This includes programmes to redistribute a substantial amount of land to landless people, build over one million houses, provide clean water and sanitation to all, electrify 2.5 million new homes and provide access for all to affordable health care and telecommunications.” 32. The development of human resources “deals with education from primary to tertiary level, from child care to advanced scientific and technological training. It focuses on young children, students and adults. It deals with training in formal institutions and at the workplace.” 33. Concerning civil and political rights, the government believes that implementation of the programme must involve all levels of South African society. This aspect of the reforms determines a new role “under the Constitution and Bill of Rights for national, provincial and local government, the administration of justice, the public sector, parastatals, the police and security forces, social movements and NGOs.” It sets up a democratic information system aimed at promoting socio-economic development. The active role being played by civil society in the establishment of democracy in South Africa is discussed below. 34. The Special Rapporteur was able to see for himself how the programme is being implemented in education, at municipal level, in the army, in the police and in the legal system :