CRC/C/CHN/CO/3-4 (c) Revise all policies and legislative provisions, including article 14 of the Implementing Measures for the Law on the Protection of Minors, which impose serious restrictions on the right of Uighur children to religious freedom; (d) Immediately allow an independent expert to visit Gedhun Choekyi Nyima and verify his health and living conditions. D. Violence against children (articles 19, 37 (a) and 39 of the Convention) Torture and other cruel or degrading treatment or punishment 43. The Committee is deeply concerned about the frequently reported practice of torture and ill-treatment of children from certain religious and ethnic groups in mainland China for exercising their fundamental rights to freedom of religion, assembly and expression, notably Tibetan and Uighur children and children of Falun Gong practitioners, as well as children in detention. 44. to: In accordance with article 37 (a), the Committee strongly urges the State party (a) Immediately carry out an independent inquiry into all alleged cases of torture and ill-treatment of children and publicly report on those cases; (b) Ensure that all those who have been ordering, condoning or facilitating these practices at all levels of decision-making be brought to justice and be punished with penalties commensurate with the gravity of their crimes; (c) Ensure that children who have been victims of torture and ill-treatment obtain redress and adequate reparation, including physical and psychological recovery and guarantees of non-repetition. Sexual exploitation and abuse 45. The Committee is seriously concerned about the high prevalence of sexual exploitation and abuse against children, including rape, in all areas of the State party’s jurisdiction. In particular, the Committee is concerned about: (a) The particular vulnerability of children of migrant workers, especially those left behind by their parents in the care of relatives or others in mainland China, to sexual exploitation and abuse; (b) The low rate of prosecution for such crimes against children and the pervasiveness of extrajudicial settlements in mainland China and withdrawal of complaints in Macao, China, leading to impunity for perpetrators; (c) The lack of awareness among children in all areas of the State party’s jurisdiction about sexual abuse and ways to respond to and report such incidents; (d) The lack of procedures to identify and support child victims of sexual exploitation and trafficking in Hong Kong, China; (e) The limited access to justice, shelter, medical services, psychological counselling and compensation for child victims of sexual exploitation and abuse under the national legislation in mainland China, Hong Kong, China and Macao, China. 46. The Committee urges: (a) The State party to strengthen efforts on the mainland to protect children of migrant workers from sexual exploitation and abuse and ensure that legislation 10