A/HRC/43/47/Add.1
by Spanish authorities despite the many initiatives and policies currently in place. Difficult
challenges also remain regarding the dissemination of racist, xenophobic and antisemitic
messages on the Internet and through social media networks. Such challenges need to be
addressed more forcefully, both in terms of practice and in terms of what is permitted under
current legislative and regulatory schemes. Particular attention should also be paid to
growing signs of intolerance and hate speech targeting other minorities in light of the
events of 2017.
43.
The Special Rapporteur recommends that a national review be conducted and
strategic plan be adopted to combat all forms of racism, xenophobia and intolerance. It
should be a priority that alleged cases of hate speech committed on the Internet and other
media be more effectively investigated, prosecuted and sanctioned. As part of such an
approach, a comprehensive review of school textbooks to incorporate more inclusive and
positive portrayals of the country’s diversity, as well as awareness-raising campaigns and
other activities for the general public celebrating its rich association with many cultures,
languages and religions and acknowledging them as integral parts of modern Spanish
society, should be considered. In addition, the Special Rapporteur recommends that the
Government carry out high-visibility media and public awareness campaigns to continue its
encouragement of an inclusive society comprised of many different cultures, religions and
languages in order to try to counter an apparent rise in hate speech and intolerance against
minorities.
VII. Specific issues
A.
Discrimination against Roma
44.
Many Roma are highly integrated in parts of Spain, but too many still face
significant socioeconomic disadvantages and even exclusion, as well as discrimination and
prejudice in areas such as education, housing and employment. It was, for example,
perplexing to hear that for the single most important area of economic activity for Roma,
street trade, regulations varied from locality to locality, and that Roma could be subjected
to numerous vagaries of application or treatment that were often arbitrary and dismissive –
even discriminatory. It would seem sensible to take a nationwide approach so that this
traditional and central economic activity can be carried out more effectively and be a
positive step towards a more responsive and inclusive acknowledgment of this dimension
of Roma identity. Another area of concern is that Roma have almost no representation in
elected political bodies at the national, regional or municipal levels.
45.
Two issues in particular were often raised during the mission and need to be
addressed: the continuing existence of segregated schools and the need to combat negative
stereotyping in a more proactive way and with a much more positive image of the
contributions of Roma people. The Special Rapporteur was impressed by the Roma parents
and activists he met in Seville, who were eloquent in expressing their firm belief in the
importance of quality education for their children, by Roma women university graduates,
who serve as powerful role models for future generations, by the committed teachers and
other officials of the government of Andalusia working tirelessly towards a more inclusive
society, and by others who emphasized how necessary it was to challenge and take steps to
displace the negative stereotyping that kept dragging down members of the Roma
community.
46.
Despite uncontested and commendable efforts and progress in the field of education
in terms of increased literacy rates in recent years, about 64 per cent of Roma children still
do not complete compulsory secondary education, whereas for the general population this
figure is around 13 per cent. The Special Rapporteur was informed that although not
condoned by Spanish authorities, in public schools in some parts of the country, such as in
the region of Seville, as many as 90 per cent of the students are Roma, partly as a result of
non-Roma parents sending their own children to other schools (which they are legally
allowed to do), instead of having them be seated next to Roma. The significant Roma
population in the immediate area of the schools in and of itself did not explain the high
concentration of Roma students.
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