E/CN.4/1996/72/Add.2
page 26
Ethnic discrimination in daily life - possible solutions
12.
The vast majority of the complaints of ethnic discrimination reported
to the Commissioner for Aliens concern inequality of treatment in daily life
situations. They relate in particular to:
Inequality of treatment in access to employment and at the workplace;
Inequality of treatment in the spheres of education and occupational
training;
Inequality of treatment in communal services and establishments (in
particular discothèques and restaurants);
Discriminatory insults, humiliating treatment and threats at workplaces
and places of study, in the media and in advertising, and on the part of
political organizations and anonymous individuals.
13.
Ethnic discrimination, for example inequality of treatment because of
skin colour or country of origin, can be very easy to prove if the attributes
of an offence are present. In most cases the victims have the law on their
side. But more subtle methods of alienation, and unconscious or involuntary
discrimination, often go unnoticed. Subjectively perceived affronts cannot
always be proved. In view of the continuing wave of acts of violence stemming
from xenophobia or racism which have produced a feeling of insecurity among
ethnic minorities, it is understandable that even relatively minor incidents
occurring in daily life situations represent, subjectively, a greater threat
and carry a greater emotional charge than was the case a few years ago.
Ethnic discrimination is only one of the many factors that play a role in
conflicts, whether at the workplace, at school or when disputes arise between
neighbours.
14.
Intervention in individual cases under the “Project for non-violent
intercultural understanding” of the Office of the Commissioner for Aliens
aims at resolving conflicts by arbitration in order to reduce prejudices
between neighbours and in schools. Long-term prevention serves the interests
of public relations, as mentioned above.
15.
For seven years the Commissioner for Aliens has been receiving
complaints concerning discrimination against non-Germans, particularly
young Turks, seeking admission to Berlin discothèques. The first few years'
findings were evaluated in a survey whose results were presented in 1990.
The survey workers came to the conclusion that the ethnic discrimination which
is practised inside and at the entries to Berlin discothèques is very
considerable. It was recommended to the Commissioner for Aliens that he
should continue his usual practice, which is to follow up all complaints
and press for the elimination of discrimination by holding talks with the
discothèques' owners and mangers. In the most serious cases the district
office can revoke the establishment's licence for failure to comply with the
provisions of the Berlin restaurants' code.
16.
In 1992, as in prior years, the Commissioner for Aliens had talks with
the public authorities responsible for housing and with various employers in