A/80/181 Continued engagement and information-sharing 89. States, Indigenous Peoples and organizations, civil society and other stakeholders are encouraged to continue to share information on challenges, good practices and lessons learned regarding the identification, demarcation, registration and titling of Indigenous Peoples’ lands. Legal recognition and implementation of land rights 90. States should: (a) Recognize Indigenous Peoples’ rights to lands, territories and resources in national legal frameworks, in accordance with the United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples; (b) Ensure that those frameworks include strong enforcement mechanisms and are effectively implemented, including through capacitybuilding and allocation of financial resources; (c) Remove bureaucratic, procedural and administrative barriers that hinder the realization of those rights. Recognition of the nature of Indigenous Peoples’ land rights 91. States should explicitly recognize that Indigenous Peoples’ land rights: (a) Are inherent and do not derive from State recognition; (b) Are grounded in international law, including the right to selfdetermination and the prohibition of discrimination; (c) Include full property rights; (d) Are permanent and not subject to temporal limitations; (e) Are foundational to the realization of other human rights. Addressing historical injustice and discrimination 92. States should examine how colonialism, racism and systemic discrimination have contributed to the dispossession of Indigenous Peoples’ lands and take appropriate measures of redress, in accordance with the United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples. Criminalization of Indigenous Peoples’ human rights defenders 93. States should reverse the trend of criminalization of Indigenous Peoples’ human rights defenders, particularly those defending their lands, and enhance national mechanisms for the protection of Indigenous lands defenders. Customary law and tenure systems 94. States should: (a) Recognize and protect the customary laws and land tenure systems of Indigenous Peoples; (b) Ensure that those laws and systems are fully integrated into processes of identification, demarcation, registration and titling; (c) Accept traditional occupation and use as a sufficient basis for the legal recognition of land rights. 20/21 25-11701