E/CN.4/2004/18/Add.2 page 26 3 While British Columbia has done away with its Human Rights Commission, there still exists a recourse procedure under human rights legislation. There is a form of direct access to British Columbia Human Rights Tribunal for persons who allege that their human rights have been violated. 4 A/57/18, para. 326. 5 “People to People, Nation to Nation,” report of the Royal Commission on Aboriginal Peoples, p. 9. 6 “A focus on root causes: systemic discrimination faced by aboriginal peoples in Canada and the continuing Canadian federal policy of extinguishment of aboriginal and treaty rights,” submission to the Special Rapporteur by the Grand Council of the Crees, Ottawa, 16 September 2003; Communication du Conseil des Innus du Nitassinan au Rapporteur spécial, Montreal, 17 September 2003. 7 Written submission to the Special Rapporteur by the Native Canadian Centre of Toronto, 25 September 2003. 8 See also “Africville: the case for compensation. Exposing all aspects of racism in Nova Scotia, Canada”, written submission to the Special Rapporteur by people of Africville, Halifax, 20 September 2003; Africville Genealogy Society, The Spirit of Africville, Formac Publishing Company Limited, Halifax, 1992. 9 Oral statements and written submission to the Special Rapporteur in Halifax, Montreal and Toronto, for example, African Canadian Legal Clinic, “Summary of reports directly and indirectly related to the manifestations of anti-black racism in Canada”, Toronto 25 September 2003; Gabriella Pedicelli, “When police kill: police use a force in Montreal and Toronto”, the Black Coalition of Quebec, Véhicule Press, 1998; Canadian Race Relation Foundation, “Facts about … racism and policing”, undated. 10 Canadian Race Relations Foundation, “Racism in the justice system” (www.crr.ca). 11 Canadian Race Relations Foundation, “Unequal Access: a Canadian profile of racial differences in education, employment and income”; Systemic racism in employment in Canada: diagnosing systemic racism in organizational culture” (www.crr.ca). 12 “Unequal Access”, p. 3. 13 An example of such a focus is to include a suspect/convict’s ethnicity when it is not relevant and, at the same time, not doing so in similar situations when the suspect/convict is white. 14 “Life for Canadian Muslims the morning after a 9/11 wake-up call”, submission to the Special Rapporteur by the Council on American-Islamic Relations, Ottawa, 16 September 2003.