A/69/318 68. People of African descent should enjoy all the guarantees of a fair trial and equality before the law, as enshrined in the relevant international human rights instruments and, specifically, the right to presumption of innocence, the right to assistance of counsel and to an interpreter, the right to an independent and impartial tribunal and guarantees of fair punishment and the enjoyment of all the rights to which prisoners are entitled under the relevant international norms. 69. Acts of racial discrimination should be prosecuted and punished and the victims fully compensated. The obligation to prosecute and punish should cover all material or intellectual perpetrators of the violation. Cases of racial discrimination must receive effective, proportionate and dissuasive sanctions and remedies both to reduce impunity and to ensure that the victims are reinstated to the dignity of which they were deprived. 70. Programmes should be in place to provide reparatory justice for people of African descent as victims of racial discrimination and historical injustices, including full recognition of wrongs committed. 71. Measures should be adopted to prevent questioning, arrests and searches that are in reality based solely on the physical appearance of a person, that person’s colour, features, membership of a racial or ethnic group, or any profiling that exposes him or her to greater suspicion. 72. The administration of justice and the criminal justice system shall be subjected to permanent monitoring and adequate review in order to better gauge the existence and extent of racial discrimination. The judicial system shall adopt special measures to recruit and promote persons of African descent. 73. The criminalization of race should be addressed, taking measures to eliminate the overrepresentation of young people of African descent who are subject to the criminal justice system, as well as double standards in sentencing. The racial aspects of violence and imprisonment shall be recognized. 74. Potential discriminatory effects of certain domestic legislation should be eliminated, in particular with regard to legislation on terrorism, immigration and nationality, as well as legislation that has the effect of penalizing without legitimate grounds certain groups or members of certain communities, including people of African descent, and in any case, respecting the principle of proportionality in its application. 75. Measures should be adopted to eliminate sociocultural ideologies inherited from the enslavement period that perpetuate racism and racial discrimination against people of African descent and their continued invisibility at all levels of society. Programmes shall be established to preserve knowledge on the culture and history of people of African descent in museums and other forums for future generations, and efforts shall be made to encourage and support the publication and distribution of books and other print materials, as well as the broadcasting of television and radio programmes about their history and cultures. States and civil society shall work with media and communications companies to promote more positive and inclusive images and representations of people of African descent to increase their visibility within society and challenge negative stereotypes and resultant discrimination. 16/22 14-59293