E/CN.4/1991/56 page 45 Ecuador "Anyone who feels he has been discriminated against because of his religious belief may apply to the Tribunal of Constitutional Guarantees, an autonomous body with nation-wide jurisdiction, which is empowered under article 141, paragraph 3, of the Constitution, to hear complaints filed by any natural or legal person regarding violation of the Constitution in regard to rights and liberties that it guaranteed by the Constitution. If they are founded, notifies the respective authorities and bodies ... . Remedies also exist before the ordinary courts, which may apply the rules of the Ecuadorian Penal Code, which in chapter II stipulates punishment of offences against freedom of conscience and thought and states in article 174 that: 'Anyone who, using violence or threats, prevents one or more individuals from practising any religion authorized or tolerated in the Republic, shall be liable to a prison term of six months to two years'. The next article states that 'Private individuals or ministers of religion who provoke disturbances or riots against the followers of another religion, either verbally or in writing, shall be liable to a prison term of one to six months'. Lastly, article 176 states that 'Anyone who impedes, delays or interrupts religious practices or public ceremonies not expressly prohibited by law, by disorderly conduct or riots in the place reserved for the said religion, but without committing violence or threats against anyone, shall be liable to a prison term of three months to one year'." Germany "The victims of intolerance or discrimination based on religion or belief have recourse to German courts. Article 19(4) first sentence, of the Basic Law reads as follows: 'Should any person's right be violated by public authority, recourse to the court shall be open to him'." Greece "There are no cases of intolerance or discrimination based on religion or religious belief. Of course, any person considering himself as having been offended or being a victim of any kind of intolerance (e.g. religious or other), has the possibility to assert his rights in full equality before the courts, as provided by law." Grenada "See (c) above." Iraq "As already indicated in the above replies, incitement to intercommunal bigotry is punishable by law, Intolerance is, in itself, an odious phenomenon which implies a lack of respect for other individuals and, if any persons were to suffer detriment or damage as a result thereof, the persons responsible would be punished by the courts in accordance with the law."