E/CN.4/1991/56
page 43
Uruguay
"As a result of a serious offence, a multiple homicide that occurred in
1988, which deeply affected the public, the Executive sent a message and bill
to the legislature amending an article of the Penal Code and qualifying
criminal behaviour on racial or religious grounds as a separate offence.
Article 1 of Act No. 16,048 of 16 June 1989 replaces the provision of the
Penal Code concerning incitement to hatred towards certain persons for racial
or religious reasons.
Article 149 bis of the Penal Code stipulates: 'Anyone who, publicly or
by any means capable of being used for public dissemination, incites to
hatred, contempt or any form of moral or physical violence against one or more
persons because of the colour of their skin, their religion or national or
ethnic origin, shall be liable to six to 18 months' imprisonment.'
Article 149 (para. 3) states: 'Anyone who commits acts of physical or
moral violence, hatred or contempt against one or more persons because of the
colour of their skin, their race, religion or national or ethnic origin shall
be liable to 6 to 24 months in prison'."
Yugoslavia
"Under our legislation, any instigation of religious intolerance and
abuse of religion for these purposes is considered a criminal act and treated
accordingly. Judicial practice, however, has been very diverse in various
regions of the country."
28. (h) In cases of intolerance or discrimination based on religion or
belief t are any effective remedies available to the victims to assert their
rights? If so T please specify what type of judicial and administrative
remedies are available.
Albania
"In the event of physical, material or moral harm to persons as a result
of any act of intolerance or discrimination, even if also based on religion or
belief, the citizen in question has the right to redress and to protection at
both the judicial and the administrative levels."
The Bahamas
"All persons are protected equally under the law and have a
constitutional redress in the event of an infringement upon their fundamental
rights."
Bangladesh
"Outraging or wounding of religious feelings of others is a punishable
offence in Bangladesh. Sections 205-298 of the Penal Code provide adequate
punishment for these type of offences. The victims of such offences can seek
protection of the Court against the offenders."